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Diurnal cycles of streamflow in snow-fed rivers can be used to infer the average time a water parcel spends in transit from the top of the snowpack to a stream gauge in the river channel. This travel time, which is measured as the difference between the hour of peak snowmelt in the afternoon and the hour of maximum discharge each day, ranges from a few hours to almost a full day later. Travel times increase with longer percolation times through deeper snowpacks, and prior studies of small basins have related the timing of a stream's diurnal peak to the amount of snow stored in a basin. However, in many larger basins the time of peak flow is nearly constant during the first half of the melt season, with little or...
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ClimateWNA was used to downscale historical data and future climate projections to a 1-km 2 grid. ClimateWNA is a program that generates both directly calculated and derived climate variables for specific locations across western North America (Wang et al. 2012) using Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM). We generated annual, seasonal and monthly climate data for the period 1961 to 1990. For future climate projections, we used the SRES A2 greenhouse-gas emissions scenario from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. We generated five sets of future climate projections averaged for the time period 2070-2099: BCCR BCM2.0, CCCMA CGCM3, CSIRO MK 3.0, INMCM 3.0, MIROC3.2 MEDRES. Downloads:...
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This set of 4 rasters shows precipitation as snow (mm) for Western North America under the B1 Emissions Scenario from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). One layer shows the historic period (1961 to 1990), and there are three layers of future climate projections representing the 2020s, the 2050s, and the 2080s. These future layers are ensemble averages across all 23 CMIP3 AOGCMs (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models). All layers have a resolution of 1 km, and are designed to capture climate gradients, temperature inversions, and rain shadows in the mountainous landscape of western North America. These data, originally published here, were converted...
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The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), has an extensive history of monitoring snow and ice coverage. Accurate monitoring of global snow and ice cover is a key component in the study of climate and global change as well as daily weather forecasting. By inspecting environmental satellite imagery, analysts from the Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB) at the Office of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution (OSDPD), Satellite Services Division (SSD), created a Northern Hemisphere snow and ice map from November 1966 until the National Ice Center (NIC) took over production in 2008. Initially, the product was produced...
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The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), has an extensive history of monitoring snow and ice coverage. Accurate monitoring of global snow and ice cover is a key component in the study of climate and global change as well as daily weather forecasting. By inspecting environmental satellite imagery, analysts from the Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB) at the Office of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution (OSDPD), Satellite Services Division (SSD), created a Northern Hemisphere snow and ice map from November 1966 until the National Ice Center (NIC) took over production in 2008. Initially, the product was produced...
Summary Analysis of historical streamflow trends and their relationship to landscape characteristics is essential for understanding geographic differences in runoff within the Great Lakes basin and for distinguishing temporal trends from temporal variance. Factor analysis of streamflow records (1956–1988) from 32 US Geological Survey gauging stations within the Great Lakes basin revealed distinct spatio-temporal patterns of stream runoff within five different regions of the basin. Streams represented by the first annual factor occurred in southern Wisconsin and the lower peninsula of Michigan, and exhibited a linear increase in mean annual streamflow over the 33 year period caused by increased autumn and winter...
map background search result map search result map Western North American Climate Data from the Pacific Northwest Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Precipitation as Snow under the B1 Emissions Scenario (Western North America, 23 AOGCM Ensemble) IMS Daily Northern Hemisphere Snow and Ice Analysis (Day 1, 2011) IMS Daily Northern Hemisphere Snow and Ice Analysis (Day 1, 2008) Western North American Climate Data from the Pacific Northwest Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Precipitation as Snow under the B1 Emissions Scenario (Western North America, 23 AOGCM Ensemble) IMS Daily Northern Hemisphere Snow and Ice Analysis (Day 1, 2011) IMS Daily Northern Hemisphere Snow and Ice Analysis (Day 1, 2008)