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The data document the results of several microbe bioassays performed by the USGS on Phragmites australis plants, including those performed on mature leaves, seedlings, and dead leaf tissues exploration of the literature to find accounts of microbes associated with Phragmites worldwide. For the bioassays, we prepared 162 pure cultures isolated from Phragmites plants in North America along the east coast, Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Great Lakes area, 125 of which were from a previous study, and 38 represent new collections. The DNA sequences used to identify the 37 new collections are included. Microbes were isolated from plants collected from 2015-2018. We performed assays using both North American plant...
This Benthic Invertebrate Community Analysis dataset, a conceptual subgroup of the Lake Erie Ecological Investigations (LEEI) dataset, focuses on the benthic invertebrates sampled at Areas of Concern (AOCs) on Lake Erie. Per the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), the invertebrate samples were taken from sediments remaining from the sediment analysis. Identification of the invertebrates was completed by the same invertebrate taxonomist for both the 1998-2000 evaluation and 1986-87 historical evaluation (Smith et al. 1994) for increased consistency. Oligochaetes were identified to species if possible, chironomids were identified to genus, as adult specimens are needed for specific identification, and other taxa...
Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a tumor disease of marine turtles associated with Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) that has historically been refractory to growth in tissue culture. Here, we show for the first time de novo formation of ChHV5-positive intranuclear inclusions in cultured green turtle cells, which is indicative for active lytic replication of the virus. The minimal requirements to achieve lytic replication in cultured cells included 1) either in-vitro culturing of ChHV5-positive tumor biopsies or organotypic cultures consisting of ChHV5-positive turtle fibroblasts in collagen rafts seeded with ChHV5-negative or -positive turtle keratinocytes and 2) keratinocyte maturation, which occurred naturally in explanted...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Hawaii,
Herpesvirus,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
electron microscopy,
immunohistochemistry,
The present study proposes a new methodology for the quantification of parasite eggs in animal tissue. Quantification of parasites are important to understand epidemiology of spirorchiid infections in sea turtles, however different methodologies for quantifying Spirorchiidae eggs in turtle tissues have been used. The most representative way to quantify Spirorchiidae burdens in tissues is counting eggs / g of tissue, however, this method is very laborious. As an alternative, we propose quantifying number of Spirorchiidae egg/ area of tissue on a microscope slide. We compared this method to number of eggs / slide, a common metric of egg burden in turtle tissues. Both methods correlated well with eggs / g with eggs/mm2...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Hawaii,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Wildlife Disease,
climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere,
parasites,
Data includes head smut infection level (caused by the fungal pathogen, Ustilago bullata) on cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and cheatgrass cover for plots measured annually during the first four years after the 2015 Soda wildfire. Additional landscape and weather covariates that are hypothesized to influence infection and host density are included.
This Sediment Analysis dataset, a conceptual subgroup of the Lake Erie Ecological Investigations (LEEI) dataset, focuses on the sediments sampled at Areas of Concern (AOCs) on Lake Erie. Per the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), sediment collections were a composite of at least five randomly selected samples collected from each site. Per an internal summary report, sediment samples were collected using a stainless steel Eckman dredge. Analytical methods and QA/QC were directed by the Patuxent Analytical Control Facility (PACF) of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Per Dora Passino-Reader, the Geochemical & Environmental Research Group at Texas A&M University, College Station performed the analytical chemistry...
This dataset includes epidemiology, clinical signs, gross and microscopic pathology, and virology data from two red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and one fisher (Pekania pennanti) submitted to the USGS-National Wildlife Health Center for cause-of-death determination and confirmed positive for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 by USDA’s National Veterinary Services Laboratories. The foxes were juveniles from North Dakota and the fisher was an adult from Wisconsin. Clinical signs included neurological deficits such as ataxia, lethargy, or paralysis. Gross and microscopic lesions included myocardial pallor, pulmonary and hepatic congestion, meningoencephalitis, interstitial pneumonia, myocardial necrosis, and hepatic...
As grazers, sea urchins are keystone species in tropical marine ecosystems, and their loss can have important ecological ramifications. Die-offs of urchins are frequently described but their causesare often unclear, in part because systematic examinations of animal tissues at gross and microscopic level are not done. In some areas, urchins are being employed to control invasive marine algae. Here we describe the pathology of a mortality event in Tripneustes gratilla in Hawaii where urchins were being translocated to control invasive algae. Although we did not determine the cause of the mortality event, our investigation suggests that animals died from inflammation of the test and epidermal ulceration followed by...
This dataset is one table with results of tests to determine exposure of Chukchi Sea polar bears to a suite of pathogens. Results are serological tests for antibodies and tests of fecal samples for presence of parasites. Serologic assays were conducted for Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Francisella tularensis, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira spp., Brucella canis, Brucella abortus/suis, and canine distemper virus. Parasitology analyses were conducted for presence of Giardia cysts and Cryptospiridium oocysts in fecal samples. Polar bears were sampled on sea ice in the Chukchi Sea between mid-March and early May 1987-1994 and 2008-2017. The dataset includes relevant information about the bears that were captured...
Only one virus, Avipox, has been documented in wild birds in Hawaii. Here, using immunohistochemistry and PCR, we found that two native threatened Hawaiian geese, one with multicentric histiocytoma and another with toxoplasmosis and one Laysan albatross with avian pox were infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV). The virus was isolated from one of the geese by cell culture. PCR surveys of other Hawaiian geese with various pathologies, avian pox cases, and pox viral isolates failed to reveal REV suggesting the virus is uncommon, at least in samples examined. The full genome of the Gag, Pol, and Env genes were sequenced for all three infected birds and revealed geographic divergence of the Pol gene suggesting...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Hawaiian goose,
Hawaiian islands,
Laysan albatross,
National Wildlife Health Center Honolulu Field Station,
Pathology,
The Lake Erie Ecological Investigations (LEEI) dataset, housed at the Great Lakes Science Center (GLSC) was developed during a reevaluation of Lake Erie Areas of Concern (AOCs) from 1998-2000. These AOCs were recognized as such by the International Joint Commission (IJC) of the United States and Canada due to their severe water pollution problems. The dataset includes data from both the 1998-2000 reevaluation as well as data from other historical evaluations from the 1980’s to mid-1990’s for comparison where available. Data Description: Rivers and harbors of the Great Lakes have been impacted for decades by heavy industrialization, densely populated areas, and agriculture resulting in contamination, eutrophication,...
The data is supplemental to the 2018 USGS Open File Report, "An evaluation of the acute and chronic toxicity of potassium chloride, active compound in the molluscicide potash, on salmonid fishes and their forage base". This research was performed as a Science Support Partnership (SSP) study with USFWS in order to evaluate potential lethal and sublethal impacts of potassium chloride on salmonid fishes and selected invertebrate forage. Files in this data set describe blood chemistry parameters, plasma osmolality and cortisol, gill chloride cell abundance, and fish total body weight and total length for specimens from each of the two salmonid species tested (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, and Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Environmental Health,
Leetown Science Center,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Wildlife Disease,
aquatic biology,
In 2010, a mass mortality of pufferfish in Hawaii was dominated by Arothron hispidus showing aberrant neurological behaviors. Using pathology, toxinology, and field surveys, we implicated a series of novel, polar, marine toxins as a likely cause of this mass mortality. Our findings are striking in that 1) a marine toxin was associated with a kill of a fish species that is, itself, toxic; 2) we provide a plausible mechanism to explain clinical signs of affected fish, and 3) this epizootic likely depleted puffer populations. Whilst our data are compelling, we did not synthesize the toxin de-novo, we were unable to categorically prove that the polar toxins caused mortality or that they were metabolites of an undefined...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Dereplication,
Hawaii,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
pathology,
pathology,
In the summer of 2014 at Pawtuckaway Beach at Pawtuckaway State Park in Nottingham New Hampshire, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a seasonal meteorological station (430508071091801) on the beach and a seasonal water-quality station (01073389) in Pawtuckaway Lake proximal to the swimming area. Data recorded at 15-minute intervals by the meteorological station were wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, barometric pressure, and relative humidity. Data recorded at 15-minute intervals by the water-quality station were air and water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and stage (water level), which characterized water conditions at the swimming area. In 2015 the USGS also established...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Escherichia coli,
Limnology,
New Hampshire,
Nottingham,
Pawtuckaway State Park,
This Fish Community Analysis dataset, a conceptual subgroup of the Lake Erie Ecological Investigations (LEEI) dataset, focuses on the fish communities sampled at Areas of Concern (AOCs) on Lake Erie. Per the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), fish were sampled for identification and measurement of length and weight. Identification of fish were done by the same biologists for both the 1998-2000 data and the 1986-87 historical data (Smith et al. 1994). Any fish difficult to identify were preserved in buffered formalin for later identification. If large numbers of a particular species were collected the first thirty fish were measured and weighed; remaining fish were individually measured and group weighed. All...
Necropsy data collected from naturally-occurring white-tailed deer mortalities in southwestern Wisconsin from 2017-2021. Hunter-harvest mortalities are not included.
Categories: Data;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Wildlife Disease,
Wisconsin,
biota,
chronic wasting disease,
This data set provides biological information from of a captive study of transgenic mice that received either passive serum transfers from black-footed ferrets (BFFs) that were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 or BFFs that were unvaccinated, or a monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2 or lastly a placebo. After these treatments mice were challenged with SARS-CoV-2. The data included here have viral loads in the lungs of treated mice, as well as histological results from various tissues collected at the end of the study.
The Lake Erie Ecological Investigations (LEEI) dataset contains data collected on contaminants in sediments, benthic invertebrate populations, fish populations and abnormalities, and fish health of primarily brown bullhead in Areas of Concerns (AOCs) on Lake Erie. A subset of the larger dataset, this section specifically handles reference tables, used in database design in order to standardize often used values and to make the data file efficient, for the main tables of the LEEI dataset. The reference tables include: site.csv, site_date.csv, and species.csv.
This Fish Health Evaluation dataset, a conceptual subgroup of the Lake Erie Ecological Investigations (LEEI) dataset, focuses on the health of fish—primarily brown bullhead—sampled at Areas of Concern (AOCs) on Lake Erie, as measured by anomalies, tumors, biomarkers, and other heath indicators. The focus of the data in the Fish Health dataset is from the 1998-2000 study, which reevaluated fish health in comparison to data from various historical studies also in the dataset. All of the data from the 1998-2000 evaluation and the data used for comparison from historical studies are in the main FISH_HEALTH table; additional historical data, which presumably fell out of scope for comparison, is also in the OLDFISHDATA_NOTERIE...
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease, a notifiable foreign animal disease in the USA, was reported for the first time in wild native North American rabbits and hares in April 2020 in the southwestern USA. Affected species included the Desert Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii), Mountain Cottontail (S. nutallii), Black-tailed Jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), and Antelope Jackrabbit (L. alleni). Desert Cottontails (n=7) and Black-tailed Jackrabbits (n=7) collected in April and May 2020 were necropsied at the U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) and tested positive for Lagovirus europaeus GI.2, also known as rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (GI.2/RHDV2/b), by real-time PCR at the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s...
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