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This USGS Data Release supports USGS Scientific Investigations Report (SIR) 2017-5079. Following is the abstract from SIR 2017-5079: This report documents methodology and results of a study to evaluate groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration (GWET) in sparsely vegetated areas of Amargosa Desert and improve understanding of hydrologic-continuum processes controlling groundwater discharge. Evapotranspiration and GWET rates were computed and characterized at three sites over 2 years using a combination of micrometeorological, unsaturated zone, and stable-isotope measurements. One site (Amargosa Flat Shallow [AFS]) was in a sparse and isolated area of saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) where the depth to groundwater...
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The data in this release describe various aspects of the impacts of urbanization on evapotranspiration at local to global spatial scales. This data release is associated with the publication of these results in a concurrent journal article. Analyses in the journal article included comparisons between urban and non-urban ET in a variety of climate settings and spatial scales. Urbanization has been shown to locally increase the nighttime temperatures creating urban heat islands, which partly arise due to evapotranspiration (ET) reduction. It is unclear how the direction and magnitude of the change in local ET due to urbanization varies globally across different climatic regimes. This knowledge gap is critical, both...
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This dataset is a Basin Characterization Model (BCM) output using the PCM A2 Scenario for annual recharge, 2010-2039, clipped to the DRECP 12 km buffered boundary. Recharge: Amount of water exceeding field capacity that enters bedrock, occurs at a rate determined by the hydraulic conductivity of the underlying materials, excess water (rejected recharge) is added to runoff. The California Basin Characterization Model (BCM) climate dataset provides historical and projected climate surfaces for the state at a 270 meter resolution. The historical data is based on 4 kilometer PRISM data, and the projected climate surfaces are based on the A2 and B1 scenarios of the PCM and GFDL GCMs. The BCM approach uses a regional...
The NRP had its beginnings in the late 1950's. Since that time, the program has grown to encompass a broad spectrum of scientific investigations. The sciences of hydrology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, ecology, biology, geology, and engineering are used to gain a fundamental understanding of the processes that affect the availability, movement, and quality of the Nation's water resources. Results of NRP's long-term research investigations often lead to the development of new concepts, techniques, and approaches that are applicable not only to the solution of current water problems, but also to future issues that may affect the Nation's water resources. Basic tools of hydrology that have been developed by the...
Categories: Project; Types: ScienceBase Project; Tags: Acid Mine Drainage, Aquatic Habitat, Arid Land Hydrology, Carbon Cycle, Contaminant Reactions and Transport, All tags...
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This dataset is a Basin Characterization Model (BCM) output using the GFDL A2 Scenario for Climatic Water Deficit (CWD) in southern Sierra Nevada California, for 2010-2039. The term climatic water deficit defined by Stephenson (1998) is quantified as the amount of water by which potential evapotranspiration (PET) exceeds actual evapotranspiration (AET). This term effectively integrates the combined effects of solar radiation, evapotranspiration, and air temperature on watershed conditions given available soil moisture derived from precipitation. Climatic water deficit can be thought of as the amount of additional water that would have evaporated or transpired had it been present in the soils given the temperature...
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This dataset is a Basin Characterization Model (BCM) output using the PCM A2 Scenario for annual Climatic Water Deficit (CWD), 2070-2099, clipped to the DRECP 12 km buffered boundary. The term climatic water deficit defined by Stephenson (1998) is quantified as the amount of water by which potential evapotranspiration (PET) exceeds actual evapotranspiration (AET). This term effectively integrates the combined effects of solar radiation, evapotranspiration, and air temperature on watershed conditions given available soil moisture derived from precipitation. Climatic water deficit can be thought of as the amount of additional water that would have evaporated or transpired had it been present in the soils given the...
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This dataset is a Basin Characterization Model (BCM) output using the PCM A2 Scenario for average Spring (March, April, May) snowpack, in central Sierra Nevada California, for 2040-2069. Snowpack: Amount of snow accumulated per month summed annually, or if divided by 12 average monthly snowpack. This is calculated as prior month's snowpack plus snowfall minus sublimation and snow melt. The California Basin Characterization Model (BCM) climate dataset provides historical and projected climate surfaces for the state at a 270 meter resolution. The historical data is based on 4 kilometer PRISM data, and the projected climate surfaces are based on the A2 and B1 scenarios of the PCM and GFDL GCMs. The BCM approach uses...
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This dataset is a Basin Characterization Model (BCM) output using the GFDL A2 Scenario for Runoff, in central Sierra Nevada California, for 2040-2069. Runoff: Amount of water that becomes stream flow, summed annually. Modeled as amount of water that exceeds total soil storage and rejected recharge. The California Basin Characterization Model (BCM) climate dataset provides historical and projected climate surfaces for the state at a 270 meter resolution. The historical data is based on 4 kilometer PRISM data, and the projected climate surfaces are based on the A2 and B1 scenarios of the PCM and GFDL GCMs. The BCM approach uses a regional water balance model based on high resolution downscaled precipitation and...
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In Alaska, recent research has identified particular areas of the state where both a lack of soil moisture and warming temperatures increase the likelihood of wildfire. While this is an important finding, this previous research did not take into account the important role that melting snow, ice, and frozen ground (permafrost) play in replenshing soil moisture in the spring and summer months. This project will address this gap in the characterization of fire risk using the newly developed monthly water balance model (MWBM). The MWBM takes into account rain, snow, snowmelt, glacier ice melt, and the permafrost layer to better calculate soil moisture replenishment and the amount of moisture that is lost to the atmosphere...
map background search result map search result map PCM A2 Scenario Annual Recharge, DRECP, 2010-2039 GFDL A2 Scenario Climatic Water Deficit, Southern Sierra Nevada California, 2010-2039 PCM A2 Scenario Annual Climatic Water Deficit, DRECP, 2070-2099 PCM A2 Scenario Average Spring Snowpack, Central Sierra Nevada California, 2040-2069 GFDL A2 Scenario Runoff, Central Sierra Nevada California, 2040-2069 Improving Characterizations of Future Wildfire Risk in Alaska Evapotranspiration, Groundwater, and Unsaturated-Zone Data, Amargosa Desert, Nye County, Nevada, 2011-13 Urbanization Impacts on Evapotranspiration Across Various Spatio-temporal Scales Evapotranspiration, Groundwater, and Unsaturated-Zone Data, Amargosa Desert, Nye County, Nevada, 2011-13 PCM A2 Scenario Average Spring Snowpack, Central Sierra Nevada California, 2040-2069 GFDL A2 Scenario Runoff, Central Sierra Nevada California, 2040-2069 GFDL A2 Scenario Climatic Water Deficit, Southern Sierra Nevada California, 2010-2039 PCM A2 Scenario Annual Climatic Water Deficit, DRECP, 2070-2099 PCM A2 Scenario Annual Recharge, DRECP, 2010-2039 Improving Characterizations of Future Wildfire Risk in Alaska Urbanization Impacts on Evapotranspiration Across Various Spatio-temporal Scales