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The relationships between Mycoplasma agassizii, a causative agent of upper respiratory disease (URTD), and desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), generally illustrate the complexities of disease dynamics in wild vertebrate populations. In this review, we summarize current understanding of URTD in Mojave desert tortoise populations, we illustrate how inadequate knowledge of tortoise immune systems may obfuscate assessment of disease, and we suggest approaches to future management of URTD in desert tortoise populations. We challenge the view that M. agassizii causes consistent levels of morbidity and/or mortality across the Mojave desert. Instead, URTD may be described more accurately as a context-dependent disease....
This dataset includes data used to summarize trends and identify best-fit models to explain patterns in presence-absence and abundance of Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) in environmental substrates and on bats within six bat hibernacula at different stages of white-nose syndrome (WNS). Data relating to environmental substrates include: dates and relative spatial locations of samples collected within study hibernacula, presence and quantity of Pd in samples based on qPCR analysis, and daily temperature parameters at each sample location on the days samples were collected. Data relating to bats include: dates and relative spatial locations of hibernating bats that were sampled, species, sex, weight(g), forearm length(mm),...
Species loss can result in the subsequent loss of affiliate species. Though largely ignored to date, these coextinctions can pose threats to human health by altering the composition, quantity and distribution of zoonotic parasites. We simulated host extinctions from more than 1300 host–parasite associations for 29 North American carnivores to investigate changes in parasite composition and species richness. We also explored the geography of zoonotic parasite richness under three carnivore composition scenarios and examined corresponding levels of human exposure. We found that changes in parasite assemblages differed among parasite groups. Because viruses tend to be generalists, the proportion of parasites that are...
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is used to determine the consumption of, or exposure to, chemicals or pathogens in human populations, and is conducted by collecting representative samples of untreated wastewater (influent) to quantify pathogens shed in the population served by the sampled wastewater system. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), in collaboration with the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and other agencies throughout the federal government, initiated the National Wastewater Surveillance System (NWSS) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to conduct WBE using analytical methods for the collection and analysis of SARS-CoV-2...
Accurate, time dependent control options are required to halt biological invasions prior to equilibrium establishment, beyond which control efforts are often impractical. Although invasions have been successfully modeled using diffusion theory, diffusion models are typically confined to providing simple range expansion estimates. In this work, we use a Susceptible/Infected cellular automaton (CA) to simulate diffusion. The CA model is coupled with a network model to track the speed and direction of simulated invasions across heterogeneous landscapes, allowing for identification of locations for targeted control in both time and space. We evaluated the role of the location of initial establishment insofar as it affected...
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This csv contains spatio-temporal predictions for the year of white-nose syndrome/Pseudogymnoascus destructans in support of the manuscript "Gaussian process forecasts Pseudogymnoascus destructans will cover coterminous United States by 2030." Gaussian process models were fitted to monitoring data on the spread of white-nose syndrome in North America from 2007-2022. These models are used to make predictions on a fine spatial grid, giving a forecast (and hindcast) of the spread of white-nose syndrome at any location. The code relies on the GRTS grid for model prediction, which is publicly accessible at https://doi.org/10.5066/p9o75ydv.
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This code supports the manuscript "Gaussian process forecasts Pseudogymnoascus destructans will cover coterminous United States by 2030." The code is used to fit Gaussian process models to publicly accessible monitoring data on the spread of white-nose syndrome in North America. These models are used to make predictions on a fine spatial grid, giving a forecast (and hindcast) of the spread of white-nose syndrome at any location. Also contained in the code is a retrospective cross validation experiment, producing parameter estimates and model scoring over time. The code also relies on the GRTS grid for model prediction, which is publicly accessible at https://doi.org/10.5066/p9o75ydv. Shapefiles such as administrative...
    map background search result map search result map White-nose syndrome/Pseudogymnoascus destructans spatio-temporal predictions over North America between 2007 and 2030 R code to fit Gaussian process models to white-nose syndrome/Pseudogymnoascus destructans monitoring data across North America from 2006-2022 White-nose syndrome/Pseudogymnoascus destructans spatio-temporal predictions over North America between 2007 and 2030 R code to fit Gaussian process models to white-nose syndrome/Pseudogymnoascus destructans monitoring data across North America from 2006-2022