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A number of issues that relate analytic study of the climatic consequences of increasing anthropogenic release of greenhouse gases to environmental policy are raised. We discuss in particular the role of uncertainty of information in the context of the long term global and potentially massive nature of the threat. Some recommendations are made for new lines of study to determine the degree of urgency of the problem and the proximate need for remedial measures and the difficulties of their implementation.
Between 1955 and 1989, coal ash was deposited within an impounded watershed on the U.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation in Tennessee, creating the 3.6 ha Filled Coal Ash Pond (FCAP). The site has subsequently become vegetated wildlife habitat. To evaluate risks that metals in ash may pose to wildlife; ash, surface water, small mammal, and vegetation samples were collected and metal residues were determined. Metal concentrations, As and Se in particular, were elevated in ash, surface water, plant foliage, and small mammals relative to reference materials. Estimates of metal exposures were calculated for short-tailed shrews, white-footed mice, white-tailed deer, red fox, and red-tailed hawks. While shrews...