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Afforestation of catchments reduces water yield. On hydroelectric power catchments, land uses can be compared in terms of energy production. On the Maentwrog catchment, Wales, forestry appeared highly energyefficient before inclusion of HEP losses, with ratios of energy input to energy output of 1:16-21. Inclusion of HEP losses reduced ratios to l :OS-3. A study of 41 sites on catchments in North Scotland showed that at the majorlty, afforestation would lead to net energy gain. However, in discounted cash flow terms, most potential afforestation sites were unprofitable when HEP losses were included. The balance of advantage depends crucially upon the criterion chosen and site conditions. Afforestation at high elevations...
Carbon sequestration has been well recognized as a viable option to slow the rise in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration. The main goals of this study were to assess the carbon sequestration potential (CSP) by afforestation of marginal agricultural land (MagLand) and to identify hotspots for potential afforestation activities in the U.S. Midwest region (Michigan (MI), Indiana (IN), Ohio, Kentucky (KY), West Virginia, Pennsylvania (PA) and Maryland (MD)). The 1992 USGS National Land Cover Dataset and the State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) database were used to determine MagLand. Two forest types (coniferous and deciduous) and two management practices (short-rotation versus permanent forest) were combined to form...
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Historic forest cover in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley has been reduced by >75%. Remaining forests are fragmented, hydrologically altered, and heavily influenced by human activities. Because well drained forests were easily cleared, most remaining large forest fragments are wet forest types. Because forest fragmentation and altered hydrology have negatively affected forest bird populations, we developed a spatially explicit decision support model for bird conservation. This model establishes priority areas for forest restoration that de-fragment the existing bottomland hardwood forests. Our primary objective was to increase the number of forest patches that harbored >2000 ha of interior area (core) that is at...
Using forests to mitigate climate change has gained much interest in science and policy discussions. We examine the evidence for carbon benefits, environmental and monetary costs, risks and trade-offs for a variety of activities in three general strategies: (1) land use change to increase forest area (afforestation) and avoid deforestation; (2) carbon management in existing forests; and (3) the use of wood as biomass energy, in place of other building materials, or in wood products for carbon storage. We found that many strategies can increase forest sector carbon mitigation above the current 162–256 Tg C/yr, and that many strategies have co-benefits such as biodiversity, water, and economic opportunities. Each...
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