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Four methods for measuring quantities of 12 plant-available nutrients were compared using three sandy soils in a series of three experiments. Three of the methods use different ion-exchange resin forms-bags, capsules, and membranes-and the fourth was conventional chemical extraction. The first experiment compared nutrient extraction data from a medium of sand saturated with a nutrient solution. The second and third experiments used Nakai and Sheppard series soils from Canyonlands National Park, which are relatively high in soil carbonates. The second experiment compared nutrient extraction data provided by the four methods from soils equilibrated at two temperatures, "warm" and "cold." The third experiment extracted...
The hypotheses that weeds increase soil nutrient availability and differentially alter soil nutrient dynamics were tested in the greenhouse by comparing and contrasting plant-soil relationships among Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass, downy brome), Lepidium latifolium L. (perennial pep-perweed, tall whitetop), and Centaurea solstitialis L. (yellow starthistle). These species are highly invasive and produce dense stands that reduce or eliminate native species. A high resource (HR) soil and a low resource (LR) soil were evaluated. To simulate declining soil resources, individual plants were grown in the same pots, harvested, then replanted for a total of three growth cycles. Aboveground mass was greatest in the HR soil...
Four methods for measuring quantities of 12 plant-available nutrients were compared using three sandy soils in a series of three experiments. Three of the methods use different ion-exchange resin forms-bags, capsules, and membranes-and the fourth was conventional chemical extraction. The first experiment compared nutrient extraction data from a medium of sand saturated with a nutrient solution. The second and third experiments used Nakai and Sheppard series soils from Canyonlands National Park, which are relatively high in soil carbonates. The second experiment compared nutrient extraction data provided by the four methods from soils equilibrated at two temperatures, "warm" and "cold." The third experiment extracted...
In regions subject to strong winds, considerable amounts of soil are transported off land and deposited to nearby fields and surface water. This study investigated the nutrient supply from deposition of erodible-sized soil to surrounding soil and surface water in a controlled laboratory setting. Wind-erodible fraction (WEF) aggregates were collected from a field with no manure or fertilizer application (Treatment WEF0) and a field that had received 180 Mg ha-1 year-1 of cattle manure (WEF180) for 30 years. The WEF aggregates were applied to a loamy sand soil and to distilled water at rates equivalent to 0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 Mg ha-1 and incubated for 2 years. Deposition of carbon and nutrient-enriched WEF aggregates...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Nitrogen,
Soil Science,
phosphorus,
soil available N,
soil carbon,
Atriplex confertifolia (Torr, Frem.) Wats. seedlings were grown in soil irrigated with different salt levels. Maximum yields were obtained with a 50 me/liter NaCl treatment. Higher salt levels produced large, succulent leaves showing symptoms of nitrogen deficiency. Physiological effects of salt were noted as decreased chlorophyll, soluble protein, and nitrate and loss of nitrate reductase activity. Salt also reduced the uptake of Mg, K, and P. Net carbon assimilation rates were reduced presumably from salt-induced increases in respiration. Leaf water potential was decreased greatly by the salt levels, but transpiration levels at leaf temperature of 20[degrees]C did not correspond in that they were quite insensitive...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Data Visualization & Tools,
Landscapes,
Northeast CASC,
Other Landscapes,
Science Tools For Managers,
The renaissance was an intellectually-rich period following a period of stasis in the medieval period. Something analogous appears to be currently taking place in soil science where novel approaches to thought are combined with a revival of ideas from the past. Renewed interest in agriculture (food, feed, fuel) and numerous publications have brought soils back onto the global research agenda. The need for up-to-date and fine resolution soil information and the revival of soil research has been highlighted and prioritised in several recent studies by the UN and other international organizations. Soil erosion, nutrient depletion and pollution are key issues that have been brought up in many recent reports – in most...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Geoderma,
environmental soil science,
research funds,
soil science,
soil science impact,
Sodium content of utricles, utricle bracts, testa, and embryo was determined for Sarcobatus vermiculatus. Immediately after germination, seedlins were grown in H2O, 330 mM NaCl, or 225 mM Na2SO4 solutions, and Na+ content was determined. Sodium content of utricles averaged 38 900 [mu]g[middle dot]g-1, with highest concentrations in bracts (53 100 [mu]g[middle dot]g-1), and lowest concentrations (1843 [mu]g[middle dot]g-1) in embryos. Sodium concentration of washed embryos averaged 954 [mu]g[middle dot]g-1. Seedlings germinated from debracted utricles and grown 24 h in distilled H2O contained 2965 [mu]g[middle dot]g-1 Na+. The Na+ content of seedlings germinated and grown 24 h in NaCl or Na2SO4 solutions averaged...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Chenopodiaceae,
Montana,
Soil Science,
analysis,
embryo,
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