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Neonicotinoids have become the most widely used insecticides in world with rapid growth in applications as seed coatings. Nontarget organisms are exposed to concentrated levels of pesticidal active ingredients through ingestion of treated seeds. To better understand pesticide fate, analytical methods are necessary to rapidly screen and accurately quantitate contaminants in environmental and biological matrices. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is commonly employed for neonicotinoid analyses but requires expensive analytical instrumentation and potentially laborious sample preparation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are efficient and sensitive alternative methods for neonicotinoid...
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Analysis of biological tissues or direct sources of food may better characterize exposure of non-target organisms to current-use pesticides. Food boluses were collected from tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) nestlings using a non-lethal, ligature method and were composited based on nest. The ligatures, which prevented the bolus from being swallowed, were placed on nestlings for 1 h until samples were collected. Samples in 2016 were collected from nestlings at 6 days and 12 days post-hatch whereas 2018 samples were collected from nestlings at 12 days post-hatch. Furthermore, in 2016 and 2018, insects commonly consumed by tree swallows were collected via sweep net and composited based on suborder (Brachycera, Nematocera,...
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Wild bee and butterfly samples were collected from the margins of agricultural fields located on five Conservation Areas in Missouri. In 2016 and 2017, samples were collected and composited by genera for a total of 90 samples. Samples were extracted via pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction cleanup. Samples were analyzed for 168 pesticides and degradates using both gas and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, 16 pesticides were detected. Pesticides detected in greater than 2% of the composite samples included: metolachlor (24%), tebuconazole (22%), atrazine (18%), imidacloprid desnitro (13%), bifenthrin (9%), flumetralin (9%), p,p’-DDD (6%), tebupirimfos (4%), fludioxonil (4%),...
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Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) were orally dosed with pesticide-treated or control-untreated wheat seeds. Pesticide treated wheat seeds were analytically verified for active ingredients of imidacloprid, metalaxyl, tebuconazole, and fludioxonil. Pesticide and metabolite residues were measured in plasma, liver, brain, kidney, muscle, and excreta of exposed and control birds. Samples were extracted via solid phase extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, or sonication. Clean-up steps included protein precipitation followed by solid phase extraction. All samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
    map background search result map search result map Current-use pesticides in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) prey Pesticides in pollinator tissue collected from margins near agricultural fields in Conservation Areas of Missouri Evaluation of ELISA for the Analysis of Imidacloprid in Plasma, Liver, and Fecal Matter Pesticides in pollinator tissue collected from margins near agricultural fields in Conservation Areas of Missouri Current-use pesticides in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) prey Evaluation of ELISA for the Analysis of Imidacloprid in Plasma, Liver, and Fecal Matter