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Reactions between CO2-charged brines and reservoir minerals might either enhance the long-term storage of CO2 in geological reservoirs or facilitate leakage by corroding cap rocks and fault seals. Modelling the progress of such reactions is frustrated by uncertainties in the absolute mineral surface reaction rates and the significance of other rate limiting steps in natural systems. Here we use the chemical evolution of groundwater from the Jurassic Navajo Sandstone, part of a leaking natural accumulation of CO2 at Green River, Utah, in the Colorado Plateau, USA, to place constraints on the rates and potential controlling mechanisms of the mineral–fluid reactions, under elevated CO2 pressures, in a natural system....
Phosphorus and nitrogen uptake capacities were assessed during 36–58 d drying cycles to determine whether the ability of sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) to absorb these nutrients changed as the roots were subjected to increasing levels of water stress. Water was withheld from mature plants in large (6 I) containers and the uptake capacity of excised roots in solution was determined as soil water potentials decreased from −0.03 MPa to −5.0 MPa. Phosphorus uptake rates of excised roots at given substrate concentrations increased as preharvest soil water potentials decreased to −5.0 MPa. Vmax and Km also increased as soil water potentials declined. Declining soil water potentials depressed nitrogen uptake...