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This study was conducted for Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve to document Ahtna traditional knowledge of large land mammals, particularly caribou, Dall sheep and moose. Mountain goats are not included because there is no evidence that they were a significant resource. The research focused primarily on lands within the northern portions of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, a part of which is also the territory of the upper and lower Ahtna (see Figure 1). The territory of the latter encompasses all of the Chitina River and the Copper River from below Wood Canyon to about the mouth of the Tazlina River, while that of the former includes an area from the Sanford River north to Tanada and Copper Lakes, and...
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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) offers many advantages for assessing archaeological potential in frozen and partially frozen contexts in high latitude and alpine regions. These settings pose several challenges for GPR, including extreme velocity changes at the interface of frozen and active layers, cryogenic patterns resulting in anomalies that can easily be mistaken for cultural features, and the difficulty in accessing sites and deploying equipment in remote settings. In this study we discuss some of these challenges while highlighting the potential for this method by describing recent successful investigations with GPR in the region. We draw on cases from Bering Land Bridge National Preserve, Cape Krusenstern...
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Recently documented ice patch sites in the southwest Yukon are ideal for evaluating precontact hunter-gatherer land-use patterns in the western subarctic. Located in the alpine of the mountainous regions of the boreal forest, ice patches are associated with well preserved hunting equipment, caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) dung and an abundance of faunal remains dating to over 8000 years ago. However, current models are inadequate for explaining caribou hunting at ice patches as they tend to emphasize large-scale communal hunts associated with latitudinal movements of caribou. Much less is known about the alititudinal movment of caribou and the associated hunting forays to ice patches in the alpine. Based on literature...
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Subsurface temperature profiles measured in boreholes are one of the important archives of paleoclimate data for reconstructing the climate of the past 2000 years. Subsurface temperatures are a function of past ground surface temperatures (GST), however GSTs are influenced both by changes in land-use and changes in regional climate. Thus the history of deforestation at borehole sampling locations represents a potential uncertainty in the reconstructed temperature history at the site. Here a fully coupled Earth system model is used estimate the magnitude of the subsurface temperature anomaly from deforestation events from a global perspective. The model simulations suggest that warming of the ground surface is the...
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This dissertation examines one corner of the grammar of the Ahtna Athabaskan language of Alaska: the use and semantics of the lexical class of directionals. In particular, this dissertation looks at how Ahtna speakers use directionals in spontaneous discourse and elicitation against the backdrop of the physiography of Ahtna territory. The semantics of the directional system is traditionally riverine, meaning that the orientation of the local river local determines which directional term speakers choose. Talk about direction and location of referents in the natural landscape is common among Ahtna speakers: Ahtna people are traditionally seminomadic, and verbally displaying one's knowledge of overland travel through...
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Cultural change should not be viewed as the slow breakdown of a "traditional" culture through absorption but rather as the blending of different components of each interacting cultural group, blurring elements through temporal change. A modified version of the core-periphery model in which both micro-level and macro-level perspectives are utilized provides a framework in which to study interethnic relations within the zone of cultural interaction. Prior to contact, the Dena'ina had successfully adjusted their subsistence strategies in order to exploit an array of ecological niches. The flexibility to reformulate their sociopolitical structure continued throughout the contact period, allowing their participation...
map background search result map search result map DECHYOO NJiK (MIVm-4) aD THE TRADITIONAL LAND USE PATTERNS IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PORTION OF THE OLD CROW FLATS, YUKON TERRITORY Some Ethnographic and Historical Information on the Use of Large Land Mammals in the Copper River Basin Caribou Hunting at Ice Patches: Seasonal Mobility and Long-term Land-Use in the Southwest Yukon An Archaeological Test of the Effects of the White River Ash Eruptions Directional Reference, Discourse, and Landscape in Ahtna The Role of Post-Glacial Lakes in the Pre-Contact Human History of Southwest Yukon Territory: A Late Drainage Hypothesis Gc/ms Analysis of Fatty Acids from Ancient Hearth Residues at the Swan Point Archaeological Site Identifying interethnic relations through both structural and cultural material within the periphery of Old Knik townsite, Knik, Alaska James Louis Giddings' Archaeological Tree-Ring Dating in the American Arctic: a Forgotten Legacy Climate, Vegetation, and Archaeology 14,000 to 9000 Cal Yr B.P. in Central Alaska The archaeology of eastern Beringia :some contrasts and connections A Thousand Years of Lost Hunting Arrows: Wood Analysis of Ice Patch Remains in Northwestern Canada Human Ecological Integration in Subarctic Eastern Beringia Holocene and Anthropocene Landscapes of Western Canada A middle Holocene steppe bison and paleoenvironments from the Versleuce Meadows, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada Early colonization of Beringia and Northern North America: Chronology, routes, and adaptive strategies Frozen: The Potential and Pitfalls of Ground-Penetrating Radar for Archaeology in the Alaskan Arctic A middle Holocene steppe bison and paleoenvironments from the Versleuce Meadows, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada Frozen: The Potential and Pitfalls of Ground-Penetrating Radar for Archaeology in the Alaskan Arctic Identifying interethnic relations through both structural and cultural material within the periphery of Old Knik townsite, Knik, Alaska DECHYOO NJiK (MIVm-4) aD THE TRADITIONAL LAND USE PATTERNS IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PORTION OF THE OLD CROW FLATS, YUKON TERRITORY The Role of Post-Glacial Lakes in the Pre-Contact Human History of Southwest Yukon Territory: A Late Drainage Hypothesis Human Ecological Integration in Subarctic Eastern Beringia Caribou Hunting at Ice Patches: Seasonal Mobility and Long-term Land-Use in the Southwest Yukon Gc/ms Analysis of Fatty Acids from Ancient Hearth Residues at the Swan Point Archaeological Site Some Ethnographic and Historical Information on the Use of Large Land Mammals in the Copper River Basin Directional Reference, Discourse, and Landscape in Ahtna A Thousand Years of Lost Hunting Arrows: Wood Analysis of Ice Patch Remains in Northwestern Canada Climate, Vegetation, and Archaeology 14,000 to 9000 Cal Yr B.P. in Central Alaska An Archaeological Test of the Effects of the White River Ash Eruptions James Louis Giddings' Archaeological Tree-Ring Dating in the American Arctic: a Forgotten Legacy The archaeology of eastern Beringia :some contrasts and connections Early colonization of Beringia and Northern North America: Chronology, routes, and adaptive strategies Holocene and Anthropocene Landscapes of Western Canada