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Ecosystem disturbances that remove vegetation and disturb surface soils are major causes of excessive soil erosion and can result in accelerated transport of soils contaminated with hazardous materials. Accelerated wind erosion in disturbed lands that are contaminated is of particular concern because of potential increased inhalation exposure, yet measurements regarding these relationships are lacking. The importance of this was highlighted when, in May of 2000, the Cerro Grande fire burned over roughly 30% of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), mostly in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest, and through areas with soils containing contaminants, particularly excess depleted and natural uranium. Additionally,...
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A seminal question in ecotoxicology is the extent to which contaminant exposure evokes prolonged effects on physiological function and fitness. A series of studies were undertaken with American kestrels ingesting environmentally realistic concentrations of the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide (SGAR) brodifacoum (BROD). Kestrels fed BROD at 0.3, 1.0 or 3.0 µg/g diet wet wt for 7 d exhibited dose-dependent hemorrhage, histopathological lesions and coagulopathy (prolonged prothrombin and Russell’s viper venom times). Following termination of a 7 d exposure to 0.5 µg BROD/g diet, prolonged blood clotting time returned to baseline values within a week, but BROD residues in liver and kidney (terminal half-life...
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- Observations and treatment of various species of raptorial birds admitted to a rehabilitation facility, and of nestling barn owls observed and sampled in the field - Clotting time parameters (prothrombin time, Russell’s viper venom time, fibrinogen concentration) - Anticoagulant rodenticide residue data
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- Observations of test subjects and hatching data - Body weight, organ/tissue weights - Biomarker data (oxidative stress indicators, oxidative DNA damage, thyroid hormones, histological findings) in various tissues - Chemical residues in tissues
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The National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program (NCBP), which was developed and maintained by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), monitored concentrations of environmental contaminants in freshwater fish over a period of about 20 years. Beginning in the 1960s as a component of the multi-agency National Pesticide Monitoring Program (NPMP) and continuing through the mid-1980s, freshwater fish were periodically collected from a national network of stations for analysis of pesticides, PCBs, and other contaminants. The NPMP/NCBP database of contaminant concentrations is the most extensive of its kind, unique in its breadth and depth with respect to environmental contaminant concentrations in fish. The data and information...
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The National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program (NCBP), which was developed and maintained by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), monitored concentrations of environmental contaminants in fish and wildlife over a period of about 20 years. Beginning in the 1960s as a component of the multi-agency National Pesticide Monitoring Program (NPMP) and continuing through the mid-1980s, fish and wildlife were periodically collected from a national network of stations for analysis of pesticides, PCBs, and other contaminants. The NPMP/NCBP database of contaminant concentrations is the most extensive of its kind, unique in its breadth and depth with respect to environmental contaminant concentrations. The data and information...
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An important component of assessing the hazards of anticoagulant rodenticides to non-target wildlife are observations in exposed free-ranging individuals. The objective of this study was to determine if environmentally realistic, sublethal first-generation anticoagulant rodenticide exposures via prey, can result in direct or indirect adverse effects to free-flying raptors. We offered black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) that had fed on Rozol® Prairie Dog Bait (0.005% active ingredient chlorophacinone) to six wild-caught red-tailed hawks (RTHA, Buteo jamaicensis), and uncontaminated black-tailed prairie dogs to two wild-caught RTHAs for 7 days. On day 6, blood was collected from all eight RTHAs to determine...


    map background search result map search result map Use of blood clotting assays to assess anticoagulant rodenticide exposure and effects in free-ranging birds of prey Organochlorine residues in starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) from the continental United States 1974-1985: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program Organochlorine residues and elemental contaminants in U.S. freshwater fish, 1976-1986: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program In ovo exposure to brominated flame retardants Part II: Assessment of effects of TBBPA-BDBPE and BTBPE on hatching success, morphometric and physiological endpoints in American kestrels Brodifacoum toxicity in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) with evidence of increased hazard upon subsequent anticoagulant rodenticide exposure Physiological and Endocrine Responses of Hatchling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) following Embryonic Exposure to Technical Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (C10-13) Toxicological responses to sublethal anticoagulant rodenticide exposure in free-flying red-tailed hawks In ovo exposure to brominated flame retardants Part II: Assessment of effects of TBBPA-BDBPE and BTBPE on hatching success, morphometric and physiological endpoints in American kestrels Physiological and Endocrine Responses of Hatchling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) following Embryonic Exposure to Technical Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (C10-13) Brodifacoum toxicity in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) with evidence of increased hazard upon subsequent anticoagulant rodenticide exposure Toxicological responses to sublethal anticoagulant rodenticide exposure in free-flying red-tailed hawks Use of blood clotting assays to assess anticoagulant rodenticide exposure and effects in free-ranging birds of prey Organochlorine residues in starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) from the continental United States 1974-1985: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program Organochlorine residues and elemental contaminants in U.S. freshwater fish, 1976-1986: National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program