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Fig. 20. Dive light [(about 8-in (15-cm) long] is resting vertically on accumulation of sunken calcite rafts about 4 ft (1.2 m) below water surface, west wall of Browns Room. The accumulation resembles a miniature talus. Water surface and folia are visible near the top and right corner of photo, respectively. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures...
Fig. 12. Narrow entrance in main chamber of Devils Hole (above and slightly to right of F in Fig. 4) that allows access to Browns Room. Nylon safety guideline is just to left of diver. White PVC case attached to scuba tank is housing for battery pack to power helmet-mounted dive light. Depth about 80 ft (24.4 m) below water surface. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water...
Fig. 2. This naturally-formed opening to the regional aquifer provides the only known natural habitat for the endangered Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis). This site also provides the opportunity for scientists to perform novel research in the physical, chemical, and biological sciences, the results of which have local, regional, and global implications. Water-level recorder in wood housing (white) with stilling well is visible near pool below. Devils Hole, Nevada. 1985. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor...
Fig. 29. Four-inch (10-cm)-diameter core hole of DH-11 in vein calcite on hanging wall about 100 ft (30 m) below water surface in Devils Hole. Note that there is little to no accumulation of sediment on, and thus little to no incorporation of sediment into, this overhanging surface. 1987.
Fig. 19. Folia and popcorn, two different types of speleothems, below water surface (seen at top of photo) at NE corner of pool in Browns Room. From the water surface to bottom of photo is about 4 ft (1.2 m). The occurrence of both popcorn and folia underwater suggest that the water table was lower in the past. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures...
Fig. 13. Squeezing through narrow passageway that connects the main chamber of Devils Hole to Browns Room (continuation of previous photo). 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images), except Figure 4, were taken in and around Devils Hole by Ray J. Hoffman from 1984 to 1993, in support of U.S. Geological Survey research into paleoclimatology...
Fig. 6. View looking up from Anvil Rock (immediately above D in Fig. 4) in main chamber of Devils Hole at about 80 ft (24.4 m) below water surface. The planar fissure strikes NE and dips 70–80 degrees to SE. Widths of the fissure typically range < 6.5 ft ( <2 m). White translucent mammillary calcite coats hanging wall (left in photo) of Paleozoic carbonate bedrock. Footwall (right in photo) is barely visible in the narrow fissure. Two U.S. Geological Survey research divers are at the pool surface. 1985. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter...
Categories: Image;
Tags: Death Valley National Park,
Devils Hole,
Hoffman, Ray J. Digital Collection,
National Parks,
Nevada,
Fig. 23. In pool at NW corner of Browns Room. Chemical light is about 6-in. (15.2-cm) long. Note that folia typically form on vertical-to-overhanging surfaces, seen at extreme right and left in photo near the water surface. Horizontal color bands (“bathtub ring”) on upward-facing slope mark former higher water levels. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater...
Fig. 1. Interpretive sign, Devils Hole, Death Valley National Park, southern Nevada. 1985. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images), except Figure 4, were taken in and around Devils Hole by Ray J. Hoffman from 1984 to 1993, in support of U.S. Geological Survey research into paleoclimatology and aquifer geochemistry in cooperation with the National...
Fig. 28. Coring apparatus wedged between hanging wall (left in photo) and footwall in about 6-ft (1.8-m) wide fissure of Devils Hole. The apparatus is manually operated. Note accumulated fine-grained sediment incorporated into precipitated calcite on the exposed up-facing surface to the right in photo. 1987. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images),...
Fig. 24. West wall in Browns Room about 5 ft (1.5 m) below water surface. The reason for the discoloration beginning at about 3 ft (1 m) below water surface is unknown. Perhaps it marks a former lower water level. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images), except Figure 4, were taken in and around Devils Hole by Ray J. Hoffman from 1984...
Setup used to obtain mammillary calcite core, Devils Hole, Death Valley National Park, Nevada. 1987.
Fig. 30. The setup used to obtain mammillary calcite core DH-11 from the hanging wall in Devils Hole, about 100 ft (30m) below water surface. The gold-colored column with rack and steel claw support the air motor and 4-in (10-cm)-diameter core barrel. The surface shape of the mammillary calcite mimics the morphology of the underlying bedrock. And again note that there is little to no accumulation of sediment on overhanging surfaces. 1987. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan,...
Fig. 21. SW comer of pool in Browns Room about 3.3 ft (1 m) below water surface. Folia are present below water surface (near top of photo) and mammillary calcite coating below. The west wall is to the right in the photo and the south wall is to the left along an apparent fault line with some vertical displacement. The reason for the discoloration at about 3.3 ft (1 m) below water surface is unknown, but surfaces are discolored elsewhere in the main pool in Browns Room (Figs. 20 and 24) and in Leinhaupels Pool (personal observation). 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs,...
Fig. 17. Folia, a type of speleothem, are shown just above water surface at NE corner pool in Browns Room. Folia typically form at the air/water/substrate interface on down-facing (hanging wall) surfaces. The chemical light is about 6-in (15.2-cm) long, and it bridges folia on the hanging wall and flowstone(?) on the footwall. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water...
Fig. 8. Looking down from Battery Rock at about 150 ft (45.7 m) below water surface (bws) at U.S. Geological Survey research diver who is about 200 ft (61 m) bws. Note coating of mammillary calcite (aka vein calcite) on hanging wall. Water is slightly supersaturated with respect to calcite. 1985. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images), except...
Fig. 31. U.S. Geological Survey research diver holds 16.5-in (42-cm)-long core of mammillary calcite (DH-11) immediately after removal from hanging wall, Devils Hole, Nevada, June 24, 1987. DH-11 yielded a remarkable climatic record (Winograd and others, 1992, Continuous 500,000-year climate record from vein calcite in Devils Hole, Nevada: Science, v. 258, p. 255–260). Coring rack is visible below scuba tank. Published in the Journal of Chemical Education. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State...
Fig. 16. Large blocks of breakdown that fell from the ceiling are resting atop smaller breakdown debris near the pool in Browns Room (to right of B in Fig. 4). For scale, note dive light and dive computer at water's edge in pool. Previous photo (Fig. 15) taken from atop of the largest breakdown boulder. Above-water passageway to Leinhaupels Pool (Fig. 26) continues several meters to left (NE) in this photo, but with minimal breakdown debris along the floor. East wall in background. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar,...
Fig. 15. Browns Room and pool (B in Fig. 4). The chamber was named after its discoverer, William Brown, in 1953. Note diver in pool at left corner of photo for scale. Also note calcite rafts floating on nearly one third of the water surface (like winter ice on a lake) to the right in photo. These rafts are formed at the air/water interface. They are diaphanous in appearance and to the touch (of millimeter or less thickness). They eventually sink to the bottom due to their weight exceeding their bouyancy, or to external disturbance, e.g., by wave action caused by an earthquake or fallen rock, or, specifically in Browns Room, by infrequent human activity since recorded entry by scuba in 1953. (Also see Fig. 20)....
Figure 5. A fish-eye view of Devils Hole, a natural skylight into the aquifer. View looking up in main chamber at about 20 ft (6.1 m) below water surface (near A in Fig. 4). Stilling well for water-level recorder is visible at water surface near center of photo, while diver's exhaled air streams upward towards the surface. 1985. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images),...
Fig. 22. Close-up of folia just above the water surface in pool along west wall in Browns Room. Note thin coating of calcite rafts floating on the water surface. Also note the small stranded rafts cemented between fins of folia, forming a honeycomb-like structure. 1986. Additional information: Devils Hole Picture Story Principal investigator: Isaac J. Winograd, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Principal research dive team: Alan C. Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey (retired); Peter T. Kolesar, Professor Emeritus, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Ray J. Hoffman, U.S. Geological Survey (retired). Description of Figures All of the above-water and underwater figures (images), except Figure 4, were taken in...
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